In this posthumous collection of essays, Marshall G. S. Hodgson challenges adherents of both Eurocentrism and multiculturalism to rethink the place of Europe in world history.

The East in the West reassesses Western views of Asia.

The book description for the previously published "On the Medieval Origins of the Modern State" is not yet available.

IN SEARCH OF ZARATHUSTRA is a quest to trace the influence of the prophet the Greeks called Zoroaster and considered the greatest religious legislator of the ancient world.

Examines the fierce controversy over the legacy of Ibn 'Arabi, the great Islamic mystic.

The early Arab-Muslim polity is treated as an integral part of late Antiquity and the book explores the way in which older traditions were transposed into Islamic form and given specifically Islamic textual sanction.

First published in 2004.